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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
September 2009
FAN6862 Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Features
Low Startup Current: 8A Low Operating Current in Green Mode: 3mA Peak-Current Mode Operation with Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting PWM Frequency Continuously Decreasing with Burst Mode at Light Loads VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) Constant Output Power Limit (Full AC Input Range) Internal Latch Circuit for OVP, OTP Fixed PWM Frequency (65KHz) with Frequency Hopping Feedback Open-Loop Protection with 56ms Delay Soft Start Time: 4ms 400mA Driving Capability
Description
A highly integrated PWM controller, FAN6862 provides several features to enhance the performance of flyback converters. To minimize standby power consumption, a proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to continuously decrease the switching frequency under light-load conditions. Under zero-load conditions, the power supply enters burst-mode, which completely shuts off PWM output. Output restarts just before the supply voltage drops below the UVLO lower limit. This green-mode function enables power supplies to meet international power conservation requirements. The FAN6862 is designed for SMPS and integrates a frequency-hopping function that helps reduce EMI emission of a power supply with minimum line filters. The built-in synchronized slope compensation is proprietary sawtooth compensation for constant output power limit over universal AC input range. The gate output is clamped at 18V to protect the external MOSFET from over-voltage damage. Other protection functions include VDD over-voltage protection and over-temperature protection. For overtemperature protection, an external NTC thermistor can be applied to sense the ambient temperature. When VDD OVP or OTP is activated, an internal latch circuit latches off the controller.
Applications
General-purpose switch-mode power supplies and flyback power converters, including: Power Adapters Open-Frame SMPS SMPS with Surge-Current Output, such as for Printers, Scanners, and Motor Drivers
Part Number
FAN6862TY
OVP
Latch
OTP
Latch
OLP
Auto Restart
Ordering Information
Part Number
FAN6862TY
Operating Temperature Range
-40 to +105C
Eco Status
Green
Package
6-Pin SSOT-26
Packing Method
Tape & Reel
For Fairchild's definition of Eco Status, please visit: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/company/green/rohs_green.html.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Typical Application
Figure 1. Typical Application
Block Diagram
Figure 2. Block Diagram
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Marking Information
*** ABxTT --Figure 3. Top Mark
ABx: TT: :
_ _ _:
ABD: FAN6862TY Wafer lot code Year code Week code
Pin Configuration
Figure 4. Pin Configuration
Pin Definitions
Pin #
1 2
Name
GND FB
Function
Ground Feedback
Description
Ground. The FB pin provides the output voltage regulation signal. It provides feedback to the internal PWM comparator, so that the PWM comparator can control the duty cycle. This pin also provide for OLP: if VFB is larger than the trigger level and delays for a long time, the controller stops and restarts. An external NTC thermistor is connected from this pin to GND for overtemperature protection. The impedance of the NTC decreases at high temperatures. Once the voltage of the RT pin drops below a threshold, PWM output is disabled. This pin senses the voltage across a resistor. When the voltage reaches the internal threshold, PWM output is disabled. This activates over-current protection. This pin also provides current amplitude information for currentmode control.
3
RT
Temperature Detection
4 5 6
SENSE Current Sense VDD GATE
Power Supply Power supply. Driver Output The totem-pole output driver for driving the power MOSFET.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to GND pin.
Symbol
VDD VL PD JC TJ TSTG TL ESD Supply Voltage
Parameter
Input Voltage to FB, SENSE, RT Pin Power Dissipation at TA<50C Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case) Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature, Wave Soldering, 10 Seconds Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 Charge Device Model, JESD22-C101
Min.
-0.3
Max.
30 7.0 300 115
Unit
V V mW C/W C C C kV
-40 -55
+150 +150 +260 3.00 1.25
Recommended Operating Conditions
The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings.
Symbol
TA
Parameter
Operating Ambient Temperature
Min.
-40
Max.
+105
Unit
C
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 15V and TA = 25C unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
VDD Section VDD-OP VDD-ON VDD-OFF VDD-OVP VDD-LH IDD-ST IDD-OP IDD-BM VDD-OVP tD-VDDOVP IDD-LH
Parameter
Continuously Operating Voltage Turn-on Threshold Voltage Turn-off Voltage VDD Over-Voltage Protection (Latch-Off) Threshold voltage for Latch-Off release Startup Current Normal Operating Supply Current Green-Mode Operating Supply Current VDD Over-Voltage Protection VDD OVP Debounce Time Latch-Off Holding Current Input-Voltage to Current-Sense Attenuation Input Impedance FB Pin Open Voltage Threshold Voltage for Open-Loop Protection Open-Loop Protection Delay Time Delay to Output Leading-Edge Blanking Time Flat Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Slope Compensation Period During Startup time
Test Condition
Min.
Typ. Max.
24
Unit
V V V V V A mA mA V s A
15 7.5 24 3 VDD-ON-0.16V CL=1nF GATE open, VFB=VFB-G 24 VDD=5V
16 8.5 25 4 8 3 25 30 40
17 9.5 26 5 30 4 2.5 26 50 65
Feedback Input Section AV ZFB VFB-OPEN VFB-OLP tD-OLP tPD tLEB VSTHFL VSTHVA VSLOPE tSOFT-START 1/4 1/3.5 5.5 5.0 4.3 53 5.2 4.6 56 100 270 Duty>51% Duty=DCYMAX 360 0.5 0.44 0.273 4 Center Frequency fOSC thop-1 thop-3 fOSC-G VFB-N VFB-G VFB-ZDC fDV fDT Normal PWM Frequency Hopping Period 1 Hopping Period 3 Green Mode Minimum Frequency FB Threshold Voltage For Frequency Reduction FB Voltage at fOSC-G FB Threshold Voltage for Zero Duty Frequency Variation vs. VDD Deviation Frequency Variation vs. Temperature Deviation VDD=11.5V to 20V TA= -40 to +105C 0 Hopping Range Hopping Range VFBVFB-N VFB=VFB-G VFB>VFB-N VFBVFB-N VFB=VFB-G 4.4 11.5 22.5 2.2 2.1 1.7 0.02 2.00 2 62 65 4.2 2.9 ms ms kHz V V V % % 5.4 4.9 60 250 1/3 V/V k V V ms ns ns V V V ms 68
Current Sense Section
Valley Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Duty=0%
Oscillator Section
Continued on the following page...
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 5
FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
VDD = 15V and TA = 25C unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
PWM Output Section DCYMAX VOL VOH tR tF VCLAMP IRT VOTP tDOTP VOTP2 tDOTP2
Parameter
Maximum Duty Cycle Output Voltage Low Output Voltage High Rising Time Falling Time Gate Output Clamping Voltage Output Current of RT Pin Threshold Voltage for Over-Temperature Protection Over-Temperature Debounce Time 2 Threshold Voltage for OverTemperature Protection 2
nd nd
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
70
Max.
Unit
%
VDD=15V, IO=50mA VDD=8V, IO=50mA CL=1nF CL=1nF VDD=20V 15.0 6 150 35 16.5 100 TA=25C VFB=VFB-N VFB=VFB-G TA=25C 0.60 0.95 1.00 17 51 0.70 100
1.5 200 18.0
V V ns ns V A
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Section
1.05
V ms
0.75
V s
Over-Temperature Debounce Time
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Typical Performance Characteristics
17 9.5
16.6
9.1
16.2
VDD-OFF (V)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
VDD-ON (V)
8.7
15.8
8.3
15.4
7.9
15
7.5 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 5.
Turn-on Threshold Voltage (VDD-ON) vs. Temperature
Figure 6.
Turn-off Threshold Voltage (VDD-OFF) vs. Temperature
4.5
26
4.1
25.6
IDD-OP (mA)
3.7
VDD-OVP (V)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
25.2
3.3
24.8
2.9
24.4
2.5
24 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 7.
Operating Current (IDD-OP) vs. Temperature
Figure 8.
VDD Over-Voltage Protection (VDD-OVP) vs. Temperature
68 67 66
2.2
2.12
fOSC (KHz)
VFB-N (V)
2.04
65 64 63 62 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
1.96
1.88
1.8 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 9.
Center Frequency (fOSC) vs. Temperature
Figure 10. FB Threshold Voltage for Frequency Reduction (VFB-N) vs. Temperature
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
2.2 4.9
2.12
4.8
2.04
VFB-OLP (V)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
VFB-G (V)
4.7
1.96
4.6
1.88
4.5
1.8
4.4 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 11. FB Voltage at fOSC-G (VFB-G) vs. Temperature
Figure 12. Threshold Voltage for Open-Loop Protection (VFB-OLP) vs. Temperature
59 58 57 56 55 54 53 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
0.7
0.66
tD-OLP (ms)
VSTHFL (V)
0.62
0.58
0.54
0.5 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 13. Open-Loop Protection Delay Time (tD-OLP) vs. Temperature
Figure 14. Flat Threshold Voltage for Current Limit (VSTHFL) vs. Temperature
0.55
5
0.51
4
0.47
tSOFT-START (ms)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
VSTHVA (V)
3
0.43
2
0.39
1
0.35
0 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 15. Valley Threshold Voltage for Current Limit (VSTHVA) vs. Temperature
Figure 16. Period during Startup (tSOFT-START) vs. Temperature
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
72 200
71
180
DCYMAX (%)
69
tR (ns)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
70
160
140
68
120
67
100 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 17. Maximum Duty Cycle (DCYMAX) vs. Temperature
Figure 18. Rising Time (tR) vs. Temperature
50
120
40
112
20
IRT (A)
-40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
tF (ns)
30
104
96
10
88
0
80 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 19. Falling Time (tF) vs. Temperature
Figure 20. Output Current of RT Pin (IRT) vs. Temperature
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Operation Description
Startup Operation
Figure 21 shows a typical startup circuit and transformer auxiliary winding for a FAN6862 application. Before FAN6862 begins switching operation, it consumes only startup current (typically 8A) and the current supplied through the startup resistor charges the VDD capacitor (CDD). When VDD reaches turn-on voltage of 16V (VDD-ON), FAN6862 begins switching and the current consumed increases to 3mA. Then, the power required is supplied from the transformer auxiliary winding. The large hysteresis of VDD (8.5V) provides more holdup time, which allows using a small capacitor for VDD. The startup resistor is typically connected to AC line for a fast reset of latch protection.
Frequency PWM Frequency
+4.2kHz 65kHz -4.2kHz
+2.9kHz 22.5kHz -2.9kHz
VFB-ZDC VFB -G
VFB -N
VFB
Figure 22. PWM Frequency
Vo
VFB
VFB.ZDC (1.7V)
Ids
Figure 21. Startup Circuit
Switching Disabled
Switching Disabled
Figure 23. Burst Mode Operation
Green-Mode Operation
The FAN6862 uses feedback voltage (VFB) as an indicator of the output load and modulates the PWM frequency, as shown in Figure 22, such that the switching frequency decreases as load decreases. In heavy load conditions, the switching frequency is 65KHz. Once VFB decreases below VFB-N (2.2V), the PWM frequency starts to linearly decrease from 65KHz to 22.5kHz to reduce the switching losses. As VFB decreases below VFB-G (2.1V), the switching frequency is fixed at 22.5kHz and FAN6862 enters "deep" green mode, where the operating current decreases to 2.5mA (maximum), further reducing the standby power consumption. As VFB decreases below VFB-ZDC (1.7V), FAN6862 enters burst-mode operation. When VFB drops below VFB-ZDC, FAN6862 stops switching and the output voltage starts to drop, which causes the feedback voltage to rise. Once VFB rises above VFB-ZDC, switching resumes. Burst mode alternately enables and disables switching, thereby reducing switching loss in standby mode, as shown in Figure 23.
Frequency Hopping
EMI reduction is accomplished by frequency hopping, which spreads the energy over a wider frequency range than the bandwidth measured by the EMI test equipment. An internal frequency hopping circuit changes the switching frequency between 60.8kHz and 69.2kHz with a period of 4.4ms, as shown in Figure 24.
Figure 24. Frequency Hopping
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Protections
Self-protective functions include VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP), Open-Loop / Overload Protection (OLP), Over-Current Protection (OCP), Short-Circuit Protection, and Over-Temperature Protection (OTP). OLP, OCP, and SCP are auto-restart mode protections; while OVP and OTP are latch-mode protections. Auto-Restart Mode Protection: Once a fault condition is detected, switching is terminated and the MOSFET remains off. This causes VDD to fall because no more power is delivered from auxiliary winding. When VDD falls to VDD-OFF (8.5V), the protection is reset and the operating current reduces to startup current, which causes VDD to rise. FAN6862 resumes normal operation when VDD reaches VDD-ON (16V). In this manner, the auto-restart can alternately enable and disable the switching of the MOSFET until the fault condition is eliminated (see Figure 25). Latch-Mode Protection: Once this protection is triggered, switching is terminated and the MOSFET remains off. The latch is reset only when VDD is discharged below 4V by unplugging AC power line.
VDS
Power On Protection Triggers Fault Removed
Open-Loop / Over-Load Protection (OLP) When the upper branch of the voltage divider for the shunt regulator (KA431 shown) is broken, as shown in Figure 26, no current flows through the opto-coupler transistor, which pulls up the feedback voltage to 5.2V. When the feedback voltage is above 4.6V longer than 56ms, OLP is triggered. This protection is also triggered when the SMPS output drops below the nominal value longer than 56ms due to the overload condition.
VFB
5.2V VFB-OLP (4.6V)
VDD
16V
OLP Shutdown Delay Time
OLP Triggers
Figure 26. OLP Operation VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) VDD over-voltage protection prevents IC damage caused by over voltage on the VDD pin. The OVP is triggered when VDD reaches 25V. A debounce time (typically 30s) prevents false triggering by switching noise. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) The OTP circuit is composed of current source and voltage comparators. Typically, an NTC thermistor is connected between the RT and GND pins. Once the voltage of this pin drops below a threshold of 1.0V, PWM output is disabled after tDOTP debounce time. If this pin drops below 0.7V, it triggers the latch-off protection immediately after tDOTP2 debounce time.
8.5V
Operating Current
3mA 8uA Normal Operation Fault Situation Normal Operation
Figure 25. Auto Restart Operation Over-Current Protection (OCP) FAN6862 has over-current protection thresholds. It is for pulse-by-pulse current limit, which turns off MOSFET for the remainder of the switching cycle when the sensing voltage of MOSFET drain current reaches the threshold. The other threshold is for the over-current protection, which shuts down the MOSFET gate when the sensing voltage of MOSFET drain current is above the threshold longer than the shutdown delay (56ms).
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Constant Output Power Limit
FAN6862 has saw-limiter for pulse-by-pulse current limit, which guarantees almost constant power limit over different line voltages of universal input range. The conventional pulse-by-pulse current limiting scheme has a constant threshold for current limit comparator, which results in a higher power limit for high line voltage. FAN6862 has a sawtooth current limit threshold that increases progressively within a switching cycle, which provides lower current limit for high line and makes the actual power limit level almost constant over different line voltages of universal input range, as shown in Figure 27.
Leading-Edge Blanking (tLEB)
Each time the power MOSFET is switched on, a turn-on spike occurs across the sense-resistor caused by primary-side capacitance and secondary-side rectifier reverse recovery. To avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, a leading-edge blanking time is built in. During this blanking period (360ns), the PWM comparator is disabled and cannot switch off the gate driver. Thus, RC filter with a small RC time constant is enough for current sensing.
Figure 28. Current Sense R-C Filter Figure 27. Sawtooth Current Limiter
Soft-Start
The FAN6862 has an internal soft-start circuit that increases pulse-by-pulse current-limit comparator inverting input voltage slowly after it starts. The typical soft-start time is 4ms. The pulsewidth to the power MOSFET is progressively increased to establish the correct working conditions for transformers, rectifier diodes, and capacitors. The voltage on the output capacitors is progressively increased with the intention of smoothly establishing the required output voltage. It also helps prevent transformer saturation and reduces the stress on the secondary diode during startup.
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Applications Information
R1 R 1.5M/1206 2 3 L2 TR N-0211 1 4 R2 R 1.5M/1206 4 3 L1 F1 3.15A 2 3 NTC1 SCK053 BD1 BD 2A/600V 1 R7 R 100K/1206 R4 R 750K/1206 2 C4 C82uF/450V C3 YC470p/400V R5 R 750K/1206 22 Q1 MOS 6A/600V 1 R 0R/0805 3 R17 + 1 C5 C 472pF/1KV N2 3 D1 N3 11 D2 D 1N4007 -1 10 2 RM 8
L1 900uH 4
N1 1
TR 1
6
1 2 C 680uF/25V 3
1 10uH C 330uF/25V
2
2
M1 MOV
+1
C1 R3 C 102P/1206 R 47R/1206 2 1 N5 N4 L3 VO LED1 + C6 + C11 1 R10 R 1K/1206 SGN VO
C2 XC 0.33uF/275V
1
N1
D1 20A/100V
7
D3 D 1N4007
R6 R 100/1206
R8 R 0R22/1W
1 R9 R 0R/0805 D4 1 D 1N4148 + C9 C/10uF/50V + 2
U1 GND 1 FB 2 C7 C 102P/0805 RT 3 GND FB RT GATE VDD SENSE 6 GATE 5 VDD 4 SENSE C12 C/4.7uF/50V C8 C 471p/0805
FAN6862 R11 R 5.6K/0805
NTC2 TTC 100K R13 R 560/0805
R12 R/100/1206
4
U3
1 PC 817 R16 R 39K/1206 U2 TL431 R15 R 10K/0805 A K2 C10 R14 C 0.1uF/0805 R 10K/0805
3
R
Figure 29. 36W (12V/3A) Application Circuit
BOM
Designator
BD1 D1 D2, D3 D4 F1 NTC1 NTC2 L1 L2 L3 TR1 M1 LED1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6, C11 C7
Part Type
2KBP06M 2A/600V Y2010DN 20A/100V 1N4007 1N4148 Fuse 3.15A/250V NTC Thermistor SCK053 NTC Thermistor TTC 100K 900H 10mH 10H RM-8 400H VZ 9G LED CC 1nF XC 0.33F/275V YC 470pF/400V EC 82F/400V CC 4.7nF/1KV EC 680F/25V CC 1nF C8 C9 C10 C12
Designator
Part Type
CC 470pF/50V EC 10F/50V CC 0.1F/50V EC 4.7F/50V R 1.5M (option) R 47 R 750K (option) R 100 R 100K R 0.22 / 1W R 0 R 1K R 5.6K R 560 R 10K R 39K IC FAN6862 TL431 PC-817 MOSFET 6A/600V
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R1, R2 R3 R4, R5 R6, R12 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R13 R14, R15 R16 U1 U2 U3 Q1
13
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
Physical Dimensions
Figure 30. 6-Pin, SUPERSOT6 "SSOT-6", JEDEC MO-193, 1.6mm Wide Package
Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild's worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor's online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/.
(c) 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN6862 * Rev. 1.0.1
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FAN6862 -- Highly Integrated Green-Mode PWM Controller
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